时态
时态
现在时
一般现在时
1、肯定式：
1）主语 +be（am/is/are)+表语
2）主语（I/ We /You /They /Sbs)+v….
3）主语（He /She /It )+Vs /Ves...
2、 否定句
1）主语+be(am/is/are) + not .
2）主语(They/we/you/sbs) +don’t+V….
3）主语 (He /She / It /Sb) +doesn’t…?
3、 疑问句
1） Be(am/is/are) +主语？
2）Don+主语(They/we/you/sbs) +V….
3）Does+主语 (He /She / It /Sb) …
4、表示意思：
（1）表示目前或现在存在的状态或特征.
He looks tired.
He has long har.
（2）表示客观存在及普遍真理。
The sun rises in the east and sets down in the west.
Practice makes perfect.
（３）表示现在经常和习惯性发生的动作，与sometimes, often, usually, always, every等连用。
I often go to school at 8 in the morning.
He sometimes eats outside.
They usually come to school earlier.
You always eat at the same restaurant.
I go swimming everyday.
(４）在时间、条件、让步状语从句中表示将来发生的动作。 As soon as, when, until, if, unless等。
When he comes, we’ll go out to meet him.
As soon as he arrives here, we will leave.
We won’t give up until he permits us.
If it rains tomorrow, we will not go.
Unless you come, we will not go.
现在进行时
1、肯定句：主语+ be (am /is /are) +Ving …
2、否定句：主语+be not+ving
3、疑问句：Be+主语+ving
4、表示意思：
（1）表示此时此刻或现在正在进行的动作。
He is writing a letter now
（2）同always, often等连用是表示赞扬、厌烦。
The boy is always talking in the class.
（3）表示将来发生的动作。（始终来往）
We are leaving for New York tomorrow.
现在完成时
1、肯定句：主语+ has /have+ pp
2、否定句：主语+ has /have not+ pp
3、疑问句： Has /Have +主语+ pp
4、表示意思：
（1）表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，常于already, ever, never, just, yet, still等词连用。
She has ever read this book.
He hasn’t yet turned off the light.
（2）表示过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态（常与延续性动词连用）常与for和since等表示一段时间的状语连用。
We have been here for 3 years.
He has worked in the factory since last year/he came here.
He has lived here since last summer.
（3）常与so far, in the past /last…year, week, day, month等连用。
China has changed greatly in the past ten years .
（4）常在It /This /That is+序数词 time that 从句应用。
This is the first time that they have come here.
（5）Have been to与have gone to
has /have been+表示到过或去过某处
Have you ever been to America？
has /have gone+表示去了某地。（即现在不在
这里、已离开）。
He has gone to Australia.
现在完成进行时
1、肯定句：主语 + has /have + been +Ving….
2、否定句：主语+has /have + been +Ving….
3、疑问句：has /have + 主语+been +Ving….
4、表示意思
表示经过去某一时间发生一直持续到现在的动作（动作未完成），动词必须用延续性动词。
He has been working here for three years.
I have written a letter. （已完成）
I have been writing a letter. （未完成）
过去时
一般过去时
1、肯定形式：
1）主语＋was /were+表语
2）主语＋Ved +….
2、否定形式：
1）主语＋was/were not+ 表语
2）主语＋didn’t+V….
3、疑问形式：
1）Was/ were+S+表语…?
2）Did +S+V…?
4、表示意思
（1）表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
He was in Beijing some years ago.
She traveled in Europe last year.
（2）表示过去某一段时间内经常或习惯性发生的动作。
When I was at collage, I wrote home once a week.
（3）在状语从句中表示过去将来发生的动作。
He said he would go for a holiday when he finished his work.
（4）used to和be used to doing
She used to take her dog out for a walk along the river.
She is used to taking her dog out for a walk along the river.
过去进行时
1、肯定句：主语+ be (were/was) +Ving …
2、否定句：主语+be not+ving
3、疑问句：Be+主语+ving
4、表示意思：
（1）表示过去某一时间或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。
I was doing my homework this time last night.
（2）when引导过去时，while引导过去进行时
When you talked with him, you should see his eyes.
While you were talking with him, you should see his eyes.
(3)come, go, leave等动词的过去进行时表示过去将来。(始终往来)
He said that the train was leaving the station.
过去完成时
1、肯定句：主语+ had+ pp
2、否定句：主语+ had not+ pp
3、疑问句： had +主语+ pp
4、表示意思：
（1）表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已完成的动作或存在的状态（过去的过去）。常连用的时间状语有by the last…… /by the end of last……。
By the end of last term we had learnt 20 units.
（2）表示过去某一时间开始延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态（用延续性动词）。
He had been in this collage for three years before he left it.
（3）常用于下列句型中：
Hardly …when
No sooner…than
Hardly had I fallen asleep when he came in.
It /This /That was the …time that…(从句用过去完成时)。
It was the third time that he had made the same mistakes.
It was +一段时间+since(从句用过去完成时)。
It was five days since they had bought this TV set.
将来时
1、肯定句：
1）主语(I/We) shall +V….
2）主语+ will +V….
2、否定句：
1）主语+(I /We) shan’t +V….
2）主语+ won’t +V….
3、疑问句：
1）Shall +主语(I /we) + V…?
2）Will + 主语 + V…?
4、表示意思
（1）表示将来某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态
I’ll go to see a film tomorrow.
They will have a sports meeting next week.
(2)will带有意愿色彩意味，在第二人称时，用来询问对方是否愿意或客气的命令。
Will /Would you please bring my book next time?
(3)shall用于第一、三人称时，用来征求对方意见或表示建议，相当于Let’s…?
Shall we go and see Miss Wang? =Let’s go and see miss Wang, shall we?
5、表示将来的结构
（1）Be going to do sth 表示计划、打算、准备做某事。
I am going to leave for Japan next year.
（2）Be to do sth 表示拟定或计划中要发生的动作或按照计划必须做的事情。
The meeting is to be held at 9:00 next morning.
You are to hand in your homework this afternoon.
（3）Be about to do sth 常when从句于连用，表示即将发生的事情，不与表示将来时间状语连用。
She is about to go bed when the telephone rings.
（4）在状语从句中，一般现在时有时也可以表示将来的动作
If it rains, we will not go.
(5)现在进行时也可以表示安排、计划好要发生的动作，常用的动词有：come, go, leave, start, begin, arrive, return等。（始终来往）
He is leaving for Beijing soon.
The bus is coming.
I am going to America.
将来完成时
1、主语+will have + done….
2、主语+will not have + done….
3、 will+主语+ have done….
4、表示意思：到未来的某个时间，已经完成。
例子：I will have finished the work by the end
of next year.
过去将来时
1、肯定句：主语 +would /should +V….
2、否定句：主语+would/should not+V
3、疑问句：would/should+主语 +V
4、表示意思：
（1）表示过去某一时间看将要发生的动作：
He said that he would go back to his hometown the next week.
5、表示将来的结构
（1）Be going to do sth 表示计划、打算、准备做某事。
I was going to leave for Japan the next year.
（2）Be to do sth 表示拟定或计划中要发生的动作或按照计划必须做的事情。
The meeting was to be held at 9:00 the next morning.
You were to hand in your homework the this afternoon.
（3）Be about to do sth 常when从句于连用，表示即将发生的事情，不与表示将来时间状语连用。
She was about to go bed when the telephone rang.
（4）在状语从句中，一般现在时有时也可以表示将来的动作
If it rained, we would not go.
(5)过去进行时也可以表示安排、计划好要发生的动作，常用的动词有：come, go, leave, start, begin, arrive, return等。（始终来往）
He was leaving for Beijing soon.
The bus was coming.
I were going to America.
Responses